California Crop Fertilization Guidelines

UC Davis
A collaboration between CDFA, FREP and UC Davis
 
N-P-K

Broccoli

The Fertilization guidelines can also be found on the UC Davis Nutrient Management website .

References

Nitrogen

  1. Agamalian, H.S., 1988. Weed control in crucifer crops with nitrogen fertilizers. California Agriculture 42(6), 16-17.
  2. Bakker, C.J., Swanton, C.J. and McKeown, A.W., 2009. Broccoli growth in response to increasing rates of pre-plant nitrogen. I Yield and quality. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 89, 527-537.
  3. Bélec, C., Villeneuve, S., Coulombe, J., Tremblay, N., 2001. Impact of nitrogen fertilization on yield, hollow stem incidence and sap nitrate concentration in broccoli. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, 765–772.
  4. Bowen, P.A., Zebarth, B.J., Toivonen, P.M.A., 1999. Dynamics of nitrogen and dry-matter partitioning and accumulation in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in relation to extractable soil inorganic nitrogen. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 79, 277–286.
  5. California Plant Health Association, 2002. Western Fertilizer Handbook 9th edition. Interstate Publishers, Inc.
  6. Castellanos, J.Z., Villalobos, S., Delgado, J.A., Muñoz-Ramos, J., Sosa, A., Vargas, P., Lazcano, I., Alvarez-Sanchez, E., Enriquez, S.A., 2001. Use of best management practices to increase nitrogen use efficiency and protect environmental quality in a broccoli-corn rotation of central Mexico, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32, 1265-1292.
  7. Doerge, T.A., Roth, R.L., Gardner, B.R., 1991. Nitrogen fertilizer management in Arizona. College of Agriculture, the University of Arizona.
  8. Elwan, M.W.M., Abd El-Hamed K.E., 2011. Influence of nitrogen form, growing season and sulfur fertilization on yield and the content of nitrate and vitamin C of broccoli. Scientia Horticulturae 127, 181–187.
  9. Everaarts, A.P., 1994. Nitrogen fertilization and head rot in broccoli. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 42, 195-201.
  10. Everaarts, A.P., de Willigen P., 1999a. The effect of nitrogen and the method of application on yield and quality of broccoli. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 47, 123-133.
  11. Everaarts, A.P., de Willigen P., 1999b. The effect of the rate and method of nitrogen application on nitrogen uptake and utilization by broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italic). Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 47, 201-214.
  12. Feller, C., Fink, M., 2005. Growth and yield of broccoli as affected by the nitrogen content of transplants and the timing of nitrogen fertilization. HortScience 40, 1320-1323.
  13. Gardner, B.R., Roth, R.L., 1989. Midrib nitrate concentration as a means for determining nitrogen needs of broccoli. Journal of Plant Nutrition 12, 111-125.
  14. Hartz, T., 1996. Nitrogen management through intensive on-farm monitoring. FREP Final Report.
  15. Hartz, T., 1998. Evaluation of pre-sidedress soil nitrate testing to determine N requirements of cool season vegetables. FREP Final Report.
  16. Hartz, T.K., 2006. Vegetable production best management practices to minimize nutrient loss. HortTechnology 16, 398-403.
  17. Hartz, T.K., 2007. Efficient nitrogen management for cool-season vegetables.
  18. Hartz, T., Smith, R., 2012. In-season soil nitrate testing explained. UCCE Monterey County Crop Notes July/August 2012, 6-7.
  19. Hartz, T.K., Smith, R.F., Schulbach, K.F., LeStrange, M., 1994. On-farm nitrogen tests improve fertilizer efficiency, protect groundwater. California Agriculture 48(4), 29-32.
  20. Hartz, T.K., Bendixen, W.E., Wierdsma, L., 2000. The value of presidedress soil nitrate testing as a nitrogen management tool in irrigated vegetable production. HortScience 35, 651–656.
  21. Hemphill, D., Hart, J., 1992. Effect of rate, timing of application, and placement of nitrogen fertilizer on broccoli yield and nitrogen uptake.
  22. Hochmuth, G., Maynard, D., Vavrina, C., Hanlon, E., Simonne, E., 2012. Plant tissue analysis and interpretation for vegetable crops in Florida.
  23. Kubota, A., Thompson, T.L., Doerge, T.A., Godin R.E., 1997. A petiole sap nitrate test for broccoli, Journal of Plant Nutrition 20, 669-682.
  24. Le Strange, M., Mitchell, J.P., Jackson, L.E., 1998. Determination of best nitrogen management practices for broccoli production in the San Joaquin Valley. FREP Final Report.
  25. Le Strange, M., Cahn, M.D., Koike, S.T., Smith, R.F., Daugovish, O., Fennimore, S.A., Natwick, E.T., Dara, S.K., Takele, E., Cantwell, M.I., 2010. Broccoli production in California. UC ANR Publication 7211.
  26. Liu, L., Shelp, B.J., 1993a. Nitrogen partitioning ni greenhouse-grown broccoli in response to varying NH4+:NO3- ratios. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 24, 45-60.
  27. Liu, L., Shelp, B.J., 1993b. Broccoli yield and nitrogen composition in response to different management regimes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 24, 61-84.
  28. Montagu, K.D., Conroy, J.P., Francis, G.S., 1998. Root and shoot response of field-grown lettuce and broccoli to a compact subsoil. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, 89-97.
  29. Oregon State University, 2004. Commercial vegetable production guides. Broccoli.
  30. Rincon L., Saez J., Perez Crespo J.A., Gomez Lopez M.D., Pellicer C., 1999. Crecimiento y absorcion de nutrientes del brocoli. Investigación Agraria. Producción y Protección Vegetales 14, 225-236.
  31. Sanchez, C.A., 1998. Diagnostic tools for efficient N management of vegetables produced in the low desert. FREP Final Report.
  32. Scaife, A., Turner, M., 1983. Diagnosis of mineral disorders in plants. Vol. 2. Vegetables. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.
  33. Shelp, B.J., 1987. Plant characteristics and nutrient composition and mobility of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italic) supplied with NH4+, NO3- or NH4NO3. Journal of Experimental Botany 38, 1603-1618.
  34. Shelp, B. J., Liu, L., 1992. Nutrient uptake by field-grown broccoli and net nutrient mobilization during inflorescence development. Plant and Soil 140, 151-155.
  35. Smith, R., 2010. Fine tuning nitrogen management for vegetable production. UCCE Monterey County Crop Notes March/April 2010, 12-14.
  36. Smith, R., Cahn, M., Hartz, T.K., 2012. Survey of nitrogen uptake and applied irrigation water in broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage production in the Salinas Valley. FREP Annual Report.
  37. Thompson, T.L. Doerge, T.A., Godin, R.E., 2002. Subsurface drip irrigation and fertigation of broccoli: I. Yield, quality, and nitrogen uptake. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66, 186–192.
  38. Thorup-Kristensen, K., 1993. Root development of nitrogen catch crops and of a succeeding crop of broccoli. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B 43, 58-63.
  39. Tremblay, N. 1989. Effect of nitrogen sources and rates on yield and hollow stem development in broccoli. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, 1049-1053.
  40. UC IPM, 2012. UC IPM Online: Year-round IPM program for cole crops. UC ANR Publications.
  41. Vågen, I.M., Aamlid, T.S., Skjelvåg, A.O., 2007. Nitrogen fertilization to broccoli cultivars at different planting times: Yield and nitrogen use. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B 57, 35-44.
  42. Wallace, T., 1953. The diagnosis of mineral deficiencies in plants by visual symptoms. Chemical Publishing Co. New York, N.Y.
  43. Yildirim, E., Guvenc, I., Turan, M., Karatas, A., 2007. Effect of foliar urea application on quality, growth, mineral uptake and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., var. italic). Plant, Soil and Environment 53, 120–128.
  44. Zebarth, B.J., Bowen, P.A., Toivonen, P.M.A., 1995. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on broccoli yield, nitrogen accumulation and apparent fertilizer-nitrogen recovery. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, 717-725.

Phosphorus

  1. California Plant Health Association, 2002. Western Fertilizer Handbook 9th edition. Interstate Publishers, Inc.
  2. Castellanos, J.Z., Villalobos, S., Delgado, J.A., Muñoz-Ramos, J., Sosa, A., Vargas, P., Lazcano, I., Alvarez-Sanchez, E., Enriquez, S.A., 2001. Use of best management practices to increase nitrogen use efficiency and protect environmental quality in a broccoli-corn rotation of central Mexico, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32, 1265-1292.
  3. Costigan, P.A., 1986. The effects of soil temperature on the response of lettuce seedlings to starter fertilizer. Plant and Soil 93,183-193.
  4. Hartz, T.K., 2007. Efficient nitrogen management for cool-season vegetables.
  5. Hochmuth, G., Maynard, D., Vavrina, C., Hanlon, E., Simonne, E., 2012. Plant tissue analysis and interpretation for vegetable crops in Florida.
  6. Johnstone, P.R., Hartz, T.K., Cahn, M.D., Johnstone, M.R., 2005. Lettuce response to phosphorus fertilization in high phosphorus soils. HortScience 40, 1499-1503.
  7. Le Strange, M., Cahn, M.D., Koike, S.T., Smith, R.F., Daugovish, O., Fennimore, S.A., Natwick, E.T., Dara, S.K., Takele, E., Cantwell, M.I., 2010. Broccoli production in California. UC ANR Publication 7211.
  8. Montagu, K.D., Conroy, J.P., Francis, G.S., 1998. Root and shoot response of field-grown lettuce and broccoli to a compact subsoil. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, 89-97.
  9. Oregon State University, 2004. Commercial vegetable production guides. Broccoli.
  10. Pettygrove, S., Hartz, T., Hanson, B., Jackson, L., Smith, R., Lockhart, T., Grattan, S., 2003. Nutrient management in cool-season vegetables. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication 8098.
  11. Rincon L., Saez J., Perez Crespo J.A., Gomez Lopez M.D., Pellicer C., 1999. Crecimiento y absorcion de nutrientes del brocoli. Investigación Agraria. Producción y Protección Vegetales 14, 225-236.
  12. Scaife, A., Turner, M., 1983. Diagnosis of mineral disorders in plants. Vol. 2. Vegetables. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.
  13. Thorup-Kristensen, K., 1993. Root development of nitrogen catch crops and of a succeeding crop of broccoli. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B 43, 58-63.
  14. UC IPM, 2012. UC IPM Online: Year-round IPM program for cole crops. UC ANR Publications.
  15. Wallace, T., 1953. The diagnosis of mineral deficiencies in plants by visual symptoms. Chemical Publishing Co. New York, N.Y.
  16. Yoldas, F., Ceylan, S., Yagmur, B. Mordogan, N., 2008. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on yield quality and nutrient content in broccoli. Journal of Plant Nutrition 31, 1333-1343.

Potassium

  1. California Plant Health Association, 2002. Western Fertilizer Handbook 9th edition. Interstate Publishers, Inc.
  2. Castellanos, J.Z., Villalobos, S., Delgado, J.A., Muñoz-Ramos, J., Sosa, A., Vargas, P., Lazcano, I., Alvarez-Sanchez, E., Enriquez, S.A., 2001. Use of best management practices to increase nitrogen use efficiency and protect environmental quality in a broccoli-corn rotation of central Mexico, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32, 1265-1292.
  3. Hartz, T.K., 2007. Efficient nitrogen management for cool-season vegetables.
  4. Hochmuth, G., Maynard, D., Vavrina, C., Hanlon, E., Simonne, E., 2012. Plant tissue analysis and interpretation for vegetable crops in Florida.
  5. International Plant Nutrition Institute. Nutrient source specifics.
  6. Le Strange, M., Cahn, M.D., Koike, S.T., Smith, R.F., Daugovish, O., Fennimore, S.A., Natwick, E.T., Dara, S.K., Takele, E., Cantwell, M.I., 2010. Broccoli production in California. UC ANR Publication 7211.
  7. Montagu, K.D., Conroy, J.P., Francis, G.S., 1998. Root and shoot response of field-grown lettuce and broccoli to a compact subsoil. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, 89-97.
  8. Oregon State University, 2004. Commercial vegetable production guides. Broccoli.
  9. Rincon L., Saez J., Perez Crespo J.A., Gomez Lopez M.D., Pellicer C., 1999. Crecimiento y absorcion de nutrientes del brocoli. Investigación Agraria. Producción y Protección Vegetales 14, 225-236.
  10. Scaife, A., Turner, M., 1983. Diagnosis of mineral disorders in plants. Vol. 2. Vegetables. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.
  11. Shelp, B. J., Liu, L., 1992. Nutrient uptake by field-grown broccoli and net nutrient mobilization during inflorescence development. Plant and Soil 140, 151-155.
  12. Thorup-Kristensen, K., 1993. Root development of nitrogen catch crops and of a succeeding crop of broccoli. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B 43, 58-63.
  13. Wallace, T., 1953. The diagnosis of mineral deficiencies in plants by visual symptoms. Chemical Publishing Co. New York, N.Y.
  14. Yoldas, F., Ceylan, S., Yagmur, B. Mordogan, N., 2008. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on yield quality and nutrient content in broccoli. Journal of Plant Nutrition 31, 1333-1343.