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Weeds Sorted by Pest Rating
Download the 2009 Pest Ratings (PDF)
| RATING | SCIENTIFIC NAME | COMMON NAME |
| A | Acaena novae-zelandiae Kirk [A. anserinifolia auct. non (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Druce pro parte; Acaena sanguisorbae s.s. auct. non V ahl.; A. s. var. novae-zelandiae (Kirk) Bitter] |
biddy-biddy |
| A | Acaena pallida (Kirk) J.W. Dawson [A. anserinifolia auct. non (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Druce pro parte; A. nova-zelandiae Kirk var. pallida Kirk; A. pallida (Kirk) Allan, nomen invalid (later homonym)] |
pale biddy-biddy |
| A | Achnatherum brachychaetum (Godr.) Barkworth [Stipa brachychaeta Godr.; A. clandestinum auct. non (Hack.) Barkworth] |
punagrass |
| A | Aeschynomene rudis Benth. | rough jointvetch |
| A | Alhagi maurorum Medik. sensu lato [A. pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. nomen nudum; A. graecorum Boiss.; A. kirghisorum Schrenk; A. turcorum Boiss.; A. camelorum Fisch. ex DC. nomen nudum.] |
camelthorn |
| A | Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. [Bucholzia philoxeroides Mart.; Telanthera p. (Mart.) Moq. in DC.; Mogiphanes p. (Mart.) Parodi] |
alligatorweed |
| A | Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns [as seed or fertile plants] [Arctotis calendula L.; Cryptostemma calendulaceum (L.) R.Br.] |
capeweed |
| A | Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Beauv. [Brevipodium silvaticum (Huds.) Á. & D.Löve; Festuca silvatica Hudson (non Villars); Triticum silvaticum Moench (non Salisbury); Bromus silvaticus Pollich] |
slender false- brome |
| A | Carduus acanthoides L. sensu lato [non C. acanthoides Gren. & Godr.; non Hornem. nec Huds. nec Urv.; C. a. forma albiflora (L.) Gross; C.a. forma mulligamii B. Boivin; C. a. forma ochranthus Wallr.; C. fortior Klokov; C. camporum Boiss.; C. velebiticus Borbás; Carduus murfatlari Nyár. & Prodán; Carduus crispus auct. non L.] |
plumeless thistle |
| A | Carduus nutans L. sensu lato [C. leiophyllus Petrovic; C. n. var. leiophyllus (Petrovic) auct. (a nomen nudum mistakenly attributed to Arenes); C. n. subsp. leiophyllus (Petrovic) Stoj. & Stef.; C. thoermeri Weinm.; C. n. var. vestitus (Hallier) Boivin; C. n. var. macrocephalus (Desf.) Boivin; C. n. ssp. macrocephalus (Desf.) Nyman; C. macrocephalus Desf.; C. n. ssp. macrolepis (Peterm.) Kazmi; C. macrolepis Peterm.; C. n. var. armenus Boiss.; C. n. var. songaricus Winkl. ex O. Fedtsch. & B. Fedtsch.; C. songaricus (Winkl. ex O. Fedtsch. & B. Fedtsch.) Tamamsch.] |
musk thistle |
| A | Carthamus leucocaulos Sibth. & Sm. | whitestem distaff thistle |
| A | Centaurea diffusa Lam. | diffuse knapweed |
| A | Centaurea iberica Trev. ex Spreng. sensu lato [includes C. i. ssp. holzmanniana (Boiss.) Dostal] |
Iberian starthistle |
| A | Centaurea maculosa auct. nonLam. [The proper scientific name for the form of “spotted knapweed” in North America is apparently C. stoebe L. ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek.] |
spotted knapweed |
| A | Centaurea X monktonii Britt. [C. pratensis Thuill. Non Salisb. nec Hornem.; C. debeauxii Godr. & Gren. var. thuilleri (Dostál) P.D. Sell] |
meadow knapweed |
| A | Centaurea squarrosa Willd. non Roth [C. virgata Lam. var. squarrosa (Willd.) Boiss., non C. squarrosa Roth (Catalecta fasc. ii., p.118. 1800) (= C. virgata Lam.); C. triumfettii auct. N.Am. non All.] |
squarrose knapweed |
| A | Chondrilla juncea L. [C. intybacea Friv.; C. laciniata Stev.; C. latifolia M. Bieb.; C. lutea Dulac; C. rigens Rchb.; C. viminea Bubani; C. virgata J.&C. Presl.; C. viscosa Gilib.] |
skeletonweed |
| A | Cirsium ochrocentrum A. Gray [Cnicus ochrocentrus (A. Gray) A. Gray] |
yellowspine thistle |
| A | Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. [Carduus undulatus Nutt.; includes C. undulatum var. albescens D.C. Eat.; C. u. var. ciliolatum Hend.; C. u. var. megacephalum (A. Gray) Fern.; C. u. var. tracyi (Rydb.) Welsh] |
wavyleaf thistle |
| A | Crupina vulgaris Pers. ex Cass. [C. alpestris Arvet.; C. brachypappa Jord. & Fourr.; C. crupina karst.; C. pauciflora Kar & Kir.; Centaurea crupina L.] |
bearded creeper |
| A | Cucumis melo L. var. dudaim (L.) Naudin [Cucumis dudaim L.] |
dudaim melon |
| A | Cuscuta spp. [non-native] [There currently are 2 introduced Cuscuta spp. in California, C. approximata Bab. and C. japonica Choisy (giant dodder). This rating applies to any non-native species.] |
giant dodder |
| A | Euphorbia esula L. [E. e. var. orientalis Boiss.; var. uralensis (Fisch. ex Link) Dorn] |
leafy spurge |
| A | Euphorbia serrata L. | serrate spurge |
| A | Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss [including H. halodendron var. albiflorum (Kar. & Kir.) Prjech.; Robinia halodendrum Pall.; H. halodendron Druce (nomen invalid); Caragana argenteum Lam. H. argenteum (Lam.) DC., including H. argenteum var. albiflorum Kar. & Kir.; H. triflorum Willd. ex Link; H. subvirescens G. Don; H. cuspidatum Jaub. et Spach; H. marginatum Jaub. et Spach] |
Russian salt tree |
| A | Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) C.A. Mey. [Anabasis glomerata M. Bieb.; Salsola glomerata (M. Bieb.) Steph. ex Ldb.] |
halogeton |
| A | Helianthus ciliaris DC. | blueweed |
| A | Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle [Serpicula verticillata L.f.] |
hydrilla |
| A | Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. [H. asarifolia Gray; H. asiatica Miq.; H. batrachyodegma St.-Lag.; H. cellulosa Buch.-Ham.; H. cordifolia St.-Lag.; H. rotundifolia Gilib.] |
frogbit |
| A | Limnobium laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine [Hydromystria laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. Ex Willd.) Lowden;, Limnobium spongia(Bosc) Steud. subsp. laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine] |
South American spongeplant |
| A | Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. subsp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm. [Antirrhinum dalmaticum L.; Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. sensu lato] |
Dalmatian toadflax |
| A | Onopordum acanthium L. sensu lato [including the numerous infraspecific taxa recognized in the Old World, of which to date only the typical has been found in N. America] |
Scotch thistle |
| A | Onopordum illyricum L. | Illyrian thistle |
| A | Onopordum tauricum Willd. | Taurian thistle |
| A | Orobanche cooperi (A. Gray) A. Heller [Aphyllon cooperi A. Gray; Myzorrhiza cooperi (A. Gray) Rydb.; O. ludoviciana Nutt. var. cooperi (A. Gray) Beck; O. ludoviciana var. latiloba Munz] [native to California; may parasitize agricultural crops] |
Cooper's broomrape |
| A | Orobanche ramosa L. | branched broomrape |
| A | Peganum harmala L. [including P.h. var. stenophyllum Boiss. and P.h. var. multisecta Maxim. described from the Old World, but not (yet) recorded for North America] |
harmel |
| A | Physalis longifolia Nutt. [Physalis virginiana Mill. var. sonorae (Torr.) Waterf.; P. pumila Nutt. var. sonorae Torr.; P. rigida Pollard & Ball] |
long-leaf groundcherry |
| A | Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. [Mimosa strombulifera Lam.] |
creeping mesquite |
| A | Salsola vermiculata L. [California material may be the segregate species S. damascenaBotsch sensu stricto cf. Mosyakin, S.L., Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 83: 387-395. 1996. Synonymy for S. damascena follows Mosyakin 1996: = S. rigida Pall. var. tenuifolia Boiss. pro parte; S. rigida Pall. subsp. tenuifolia (Boiss.) Botsch. pro parte auct. non Delile pro parte, S. vermiculata L. subsp. villosa auct. non (Delile) Eig pro parte]. |
wormleaf saltwort |
| A | Salvia virgata Jacq. [S. pratensis L. pro parte; some specimens appear referable to Salvia I superba Stapf non Hort. ex Vilm., a hybrid between S. nemorosa L. and S. pratensis L. s.s., our material fide Ian Hedge, RBG Edinburgh as S. virgata Jacq.] |
southern meadow sage |
| A | Salvinia auriculata Aubl. sensu lato [includes S. auriculata Aubl. s.s.; S. biloba Raddi; S. herzogii de la Sota; and S. molesta D.S. Mitch.] |
giant salvinia |
| A | Scolymus hispanicus L. | golden thistle |
| A | Solanum cardiophyllum Lindl. [may = S. boldoense Dunal] |
heartleaf nightshade |
| A | Solanum dimidiatum Raf. | Torrey's nightshade |
| A | Sonchus arvensis L. [Hieracium arvense (L.) Scop.; including S. brachyotus DC; S. arvensis forma brachyotus (DC.) Kirp.; S. a. ssp. brachyotus (DC.) Kitam.; S. uliginosus M. Bieb.; S. arvensis ssp. uliginosus (M. Bieb.) H. Neumayer; S. a. var. uliginosus (M. Bieb.) Trautv.; S. a. var. glabrescens Gunth., Grab. & Wimm.; S. a. var. laevipes Boiss., non Koch, 1837; S. a. var. maritimus Wahlenb.] |
perennial sowthistle |
| A | Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC. [Phaca salsula Pall.; Swainsona salsula (Pall.) Taubert in Engl. & Prantl] |
Austrian peaweed |
| A | Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze [Buchnera asiatica L.; S. lutea Lour.] |
witchweed |
| A | Tagetes minuta L. [T. bonariensis Pers.; T. glandulifera Schrank; T. glandulosa Link; T. porophyllum Vell.] |
wild marigold |
| A | Zygophyllum fabago L. [Z. f. var. brachycarpum auct. non Boiss.] |
Syrian beancaper |
| B | Acacia paradoxa DC. [A. armata R. Br.] |
kangaroothorn |
| B | Acaena magellanica Vahl | bidi-bidi |
| B | Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. [Centaurea repens L.] |
Russian knapweed |
| B | Aegilops cylindrica Host [ A. tauschii auct. Non Coss.; Cylindropyrum cylingricum (Host A. Löve); Triticum cylindricum (Host) Ces.; Triticum caudatum (L.) Godr. & Gren.; Aegilops caudata ssp. cylindrica L. (Host) Hegi; Aegilops caudata var. cyclindrica L. (Host) Fiori] |
jointed goatgrass |
| B | Aegilops ovata L. [A. geniculata Roth which = A. ovata Nevski non L. nec Roth in Usteri; A. neglecta Req. ex Bertol.; Calif. plants referable to A. geniculata Roth sensu stricto] |
ovate goatgrass |
| B | Aegilops triuncialis L. | barb goatgrass |
| B | Allium paniculatum L.sensu lato [California plants referable to ssp. paniculatum sensu W.T. Stearn in Flora Europaea V. 5, pp. 60-61. Rating would also apply to sspp. fuscum (Waldst. & Kit.) Arcangeli; euboicum (Rech.f.) Stearn, and villosulum (Halacsy) Stearn should referable plants be found in the State.] |
panicled onion |
| B | Allium vineale L. non Sch.-Bip. ex Regel sensu lato [non A. vineale Sch.-Bip. ex Regel. California plants show variations referable to several intraspecific taxa sometimes recognized in the Old World. The following names, if applied to Allium vineale, are included in the rated taxon: var. compactum (Thuill.) Cosson & Germ.; var. capsuliferum Koch or subsp. capsuliferum (Koch) Ceschm.; var. purpureum H.P.G. Koch., var. virens Boiss. the following taxonomic synonyms refer also to at least a portion of A. vineale sensu lato: A. affine, Boiss. & Heldr., non Ledeb.; A. assimile Halacsy; A. compactum Thuill., A. rilaense Panov.] |
wild garlic |
| B | Ambrosia trifida L. sensu lato [including material referable to A. t. var. aptera Ktze.; var. heterophylla Ktze; var. integrifolia (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr. & A. Gray; forma integrifolia (Muhl. ex Willd.) Fern.; var. normalis Ktze; var. polyploidea Rousseau; var. texana Scheele] |
giant ragweed |
| B | Araujia sericifera Brot. [A. sericofera (orthographic variant, see Forster & Bruyns, 1992, Taxon 41:746-749); sometimes sold as Schubertia albens sensu auct. (nomen nudum)] |
bladderflower |
| B | Arundo donax L. [A. aegyptia Delile; A. bambusifolia Hook. f.; A. bifaria Retz.: |
giant reed |
| B | Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray | Carolina fanwort |
| B | Cardaria chalepensis (L.) Hand.-Mazz. [Lepidium chalepense L. non Fisch ex DC. nec Ledeb.; |
lens-podded hoarycress |
| B | Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. [Lepidium draba L.; Cochlearia d. (L.) L.; Nasturtium d. (L.) Crantz; Jundzillia d. (L.) Andrz.] |
heart-podded hoarycress |
| B | Cardaria pubescens (C.A. Mey.) Jarmol. [Hymenophysa pubescens C.A. Mey.; Cardaria p. (C.A. Mey.) Rollins, nomen invalid, later homonym; Cardaria p. var. elongata Rollins] |
globe-podded hoarycress |
| B | Carthamus baeticus (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman [Carduus baeticus Boiss. & Reut.; Kentrophyllum baeticum (Boiss. & Reut) Boiss. & Reut.; Carthamus lanatus ssp. baeticus (Boiss. & Reuter) Nyman] |
smooth distaff thistle |
| B | Carthamus lanatus L. [C. lanatus ssp. creticus (L.) Holmboe; C. creticus L.] |
woolly distaff thistle |
| B | Centaurea calcitrapa L. | purple starthistle |
| B | Centaurea sulphurea Willd. [C. sicula sensu auct. Ca., non L.] |
Sicilian starthistle |
| B | Chorispora tenella (Pall.) DC. [Raphanus tenellus Pall.] |
purple mustard |
| B | Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. [Serratula arvensis L.; Breea arvensis (L.) Less.; Carduus arvensis (L.) Robson; Cephalonoplos arvensis (L.) Fourr.; Cnicus arvensis (L.) Hoffm.; Cirsium arvense var. setosum Ledeb., and all other proposed infraspecific taxa not listed here.; Cephalonoplos setosus (Ledeb.) Kitamura; Cirsium ochrolepideum Juz.; Cephalonoplos ochrolepideum (Juz.) Juz.] |
Canada thistle |
| B | Coronopus squamatus (Forskall) Asch. [Lepidium squamatum Forskall; Coronopus procumbens Gilib.; Cochlearia coronopus L.; Senebiera coronopus (L.) Poir. Carara coronopus (L.) Medic.; Myagrum coronopus (L.) Crantz; Coronopus coronopus (L.) Karst., nomen invalid (tautonym); Coronopus coronopus (L.) Britt., nomen invalid (tautonym, later homonym)] |
swinecress |
| B | Cortaderia jubata (Lemoine ex Carrière) Stapf [Gynerium jubatum Lemoine ex Carrière] |
pampas grass |
| B | Cucumis myriocarpus Naudin | paddy melon |
| B | Cynara cardunculus L. [C. horrida Ait.] |
artichoke thistle |
| B | Cyperus esculentus L. [Pycreus esculentus (L.) Hayek; Cyperus melanorhizus Delile, Cyperus aureus Ten., non Georgi; includes C. esculentus var. sativus Boeckeler - cultivated form with larger, more elongate tubers; C. e. var. heermannii (Buckl.) Britt.; var. leptostachyus Boeckeler; var. macrostachyus Boecheler] |
yellow nutsedge |
| B | Cyperus rotundus L. [Pycreus rotundus (L.) Hayek] |
purple nutsedge |
| B | Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. [Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv.; Elymus repens (L.) Gould; Triticum repens L.] |
quackgrass |
| B | Euphorbia oblongata Griseb. [E. platyphylla sensu auct. Ca., non L.] |
oblong spurge |
| B | Gaura coccinea Pursh [(G. odorata Sesse ex Lag.); native to California; may invade rangelands] |
scarlet gaura |
| B | Gaura drummondii (Spach) Torr. & A. Gray [G. odorata auct. non Sesse ex Lag.] |
Drummond's gaura |
| B | Gaura sinuata Ser. | wavy-leaved gaura |
| B | Gypsophila paniculata L. sensu lato [includes G. p. var. hungarica Borbás] |
baby's breath |
| B | Isatis tinctoria L. | dyer's woad |
| B | Lepidium latifolium L. [numerous infraspecific taxa described in the Old World, including L. l. var. velutinum Hayek ex Thell., of which to date only the typical variety has been found in California] |
perennial peppercress |
| B | Lythrum salicaria L. | purple loosestrife |
| B | Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmelin | nimblewill |
| B | Nothoscordum gracile (Ait.) Stearn sensu lato [includes N. borbonicum Kunth (false-garlic); Allium gracile Ait.;Nothoscordum gracile (Ait.) Stearn; N. fragrans (Vent.) Kunth; Allium fragrans Vent. Nothoscordum inodorum auct. non (Ait.) Nicholson (misapplied, = Allium neapolitanum)] |
fragrant false garlic |
| B | Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. | banana waterlily |
| B | Oryza rufipogon Griff. [provisionally non Oryza sativa L. forma spontanea Roshev 1931, non Backer, 1928. Roshev’s type not seen by Duistermaat (Blumea 32: 157-193, 1987)] |
perennial wild red rice |
| B | Panicum antidotale Retz. | blue panicgrass |
| B | Physalis viscosa L. | grape groundcherry |
| B | Pistia stratiotes L. [Apiospermum ocidentalis Blume, Limonesis commutata Klotzsch, L. friedrichsthaliana Klotzsch, Pistia aethiopica Fenzl ex Klotzsch, P. africana C. Presl., P. commutata Schleid., P. crispata Blume., P. occidentalis Blume] |
water lettuce |
| B | Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. | Japanese knotweed |
| B | Polygonum polystachyum C.F.W. Meissn. | Himalayan knotweed |
| B | Polygonum sachalinense Maxim. | giant knotweed |
| B | Rorippa austriaca (Crantz) Besser [Nasturtium austriacum Crantz] |
Austrian field cress |
| B | Salvia aethiopis L. | Mediterranean sage |
| B | Senecio jacobaea L. [S. j. var. flosculosum DC.; S. j. var. grandiflorus Korsh, non Turz. ex DC.; S. j. var. g. Turz ex DC. non Korsh.; S. jacobaeoides Willk.; S. foliosus Salzm. ex DC. non Colm.; S. foliosus Colm., non Salzm. ex DC.] |
tansy ragwort |
| B | Senecio squalidus L. [S. laciniatus S.F. Gray; S. nebrodensis auct. non L.] |
Oxford ragwort |
| B | Sesbania punicea (Cav.) Benth. [Piscidia punicea Cav. ; Emerus puniceus (Cav.) Kuntze; Daubentonia punicea (Cav.) DC.; Sesbania tripetii Hort. ex F. T. Hubbard] |
scarlet wisteria |
| B | Setaria faberi R. Herrm. [S. macrocarpa Luchnik] |
giant foxtail |
| B | Solanum carolinense L. [including S. c. var. floridanum (Shuttlw. ex Dunal) Chapman; S. c. var. hirsutum (Nutt.) A. Gray] |
Carolina horsenettle |
| B | Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. [S. dealbatum Lindl.; S. obtusifolium Dunal; S. elaeagnifolium var. obtusifolium (Dunal) Dunal; S. flavidum Torr.; S. saponaceum Dunal; S. texense Engelm. & A. Gray; S. elaeagnifolium forma benkei Standl.; S. e. var. angustifolium Kuntze; S. leprosum Ortega S. e. var. argyrocroton Griseb.; S. e. var. grandiflorum Griseb.; S. e. var. ovalifolium Kuntze] |
white horsenettle |
| B | Solanum lanceolatum Cav., non Ruiz & Pavon, 1799 [S. densiflorum M. Martens & Galeottii; S. floccosum M. Martens & Galeottii; S. hartwegii Benth.] |
lanceleaf nightshade |
| B | Solanum marginatum L.f. | white-margined nightshade |
| B | Symphytum asperum Lepechin [S. armeniacum Bucknall] |
rough comfrey |
| B | Tamarix chinensis Lour. [T. caspica Hort. Gall. Ex Dippel;T. gallica Thunb.; T. japonica Hort. Ex Dippel] |
Chinese tamarisk |
| B | Tamarix gallica L. [T. canariensis Willd.; T. ehrenbergii Presl ex Bunge; T. elegans Spach; T. epacroides Sm.; T. evermanni Presl. Ex Ledeb.; T. indica Willd.; T. lessingii presl. Ex Bunge; T. libanotica Hort. Ex K.Koch; T. mannifera Kotschy ex Bunge; T. narbonensis Garsault; T nilotica (Ehrenb.) Bunge; T. palaestina Bertol.; T. pallasii Desv.; T paniculata Stev. Ex DC.; T. pentandra Pall.; T. senegalensis DC.; T. tetrandra Guebh. Ex Bunge] |
|
| B | Tamarix parviflora DC. [T. cretica Bunge; T. gallica Sieber ex Nyman; T. pentandra Hampe. Ex Bunge; T. petteri Presl ex Bunge; |
|
| B | Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. [sometimes included in T. gallica s.l.] |
|
| B | Ulex europaeus L., non Brotero (1804), nec Savi [U. e. ssp. borealis Rothm.; U. e. ssp. latebracteatus (Mariz.) Rothm.] |
gorse |
| B | Viscum album L. [including V. abietis (Wiesb.) Fritsch.; V. austriacum Wiesb.; V. austriacum var. abietis Wiesb.; V. album ssp. abietis (Wiesb.) Abrom.; V. a. ssp. meridianum (Danser) Long] |
European mistletoe |
| C | Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle [Ailanthus glandulosa Desf.; Toxicodendron altissimum Miller] |
tree-of-heaven |
| C | Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell [Bramia monnieri (L.) Drake; Lysimachia monnieri L.] |
water-hyssop |
| C | Carduus pycnocephalus L. [C. pycnocephalus subsp. albidus (Bieb.) Kazmi; C. albidus M.Bieb.; C. p. subsp. cinereus (Bieb.) P.H. Davis; C. cinereus sensu M.Bieb.] |
Italian thistle |
| C | Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis [C. pycnocephalus L. var. tenuiflorus (Curtis) Fiori; C. malacitanus Boiss. & Reut.; C. sardous DC.] |
slenderflowered thistle |
| C | Cenchrus echinatus L. | southern sandbur |
| C | Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis [C. pauciflorus Benth.; C. spinifex auct. N. Am. non Cav., C. parviceps Shinn.] |
coast sandbur |
| C | Cenchrus longispinus (Hackel) Fernald [C. pauciflorus auct. nonBenth.; Cenchrus echinatus L. forma longispinus Hackel] |
mat sandbur |
| C | Centaurea melitensis L. | tocalote |
| C | Centaurea solstitialis L. sensu lato [including individuals referable to C. s. ssp. schouwii (DC.) Dostal; C. s. ssp. erythracantha (Halacsy) Dostal.; C. s. ssp. solstitialis sensu Vol. V, Flora Europaea, Heywood et al. eds. 1976; C. s. ssp. adamii (Willd.) Nyman (this variant possibly not in California). All but the latter variant appear randomly throughout the State. |
yellow starthistle |
| C | Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. [Carduus lanceolatus L., Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Scop. non Hill, Cnicus lanceolatus Willd.] |
bull thistle |
| C | Convolvulus arvensis L. | field bindweed |
| C | Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera [Soliva mexicana DC.; Cotula pygmaea (Kunth) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.; Soliva pygmaea Kunth; Cotula minuta (L. f.) Schinz; Hippia minuta L. f.; Gymnostyles minuta (L. f.) Spreng.; Lancisia minuta (L. f.) Rydb.; Soliva minuta (L. f.) Sweet] |
pygmy brass buttons |
| C | Cuscuta spp. [native] [There are 14 native Cuscuta spp. in California, of which only C. indecora Choisy and C. pentagona Engelm. consistently parasitize cultivated material. |
dodder |
| C | Cynodon spp. & hybrids [Although only C. dactylon (L.) Pers., C. plectostachyus (Schumann) Engelm. and C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy are currently found in California, this rating applies to all Cynodon spp.] |
bermudagrasses |
| C | Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link [Spartium scoparium L.; Genista scoparia (L) Lam., non Vill. sensu lato; Genista scoparia Vill. (invalid); Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer & Koch; C. scoparius ssp. cantabricus (Willk.) M. Lainz ex Rivas -Martinez, Izco & M. Coste; Sorothamnus cantabricus Willk.; C. scoparius ssp. reverchonii (Degen & Hervier) Rivas Goday & Rivas-Martinez; Sorothamnus riverchonii Degen & Hervier; C. scoparius var. andreanus (Puiss.) Dippel, and ssp. maritimus (Rouy) Heywood, Genista scoparia (L.) Lam. var. maritima Rouy] |
Scotch broom |
| C | Egeria densa Planch. [Anacharis densa (Planch.) Victorin; Elodea densa (Planch.) Caspary; Philotria densa (Planch.) Small & St. John] |
Brazilian waterweed |
| C | Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms [Pontederia crassipes Mart.; P. crassipes R. & S.; Piaropus crassipes (Mart.) Raf.; Piaropus crassipes Britt.] |
water hyacinth |
| C | Genista monspessulana (L.) L.A.S. Johnson [Cytisus monspessulanus L.] |
French broom |
| C | Hyoscyamus niger L. | black henbane |
| C | Hypericum perforatum L. | Klamathweed |
| C | Iva axillaris Pursh sensu lato [includes I. a. var. robustior Hook.; I. a. subsp. robustior (Hook.) Bassett] |
povertyweed |
| C | Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapov. [Malva leprosa Orteg.; Sida leprosa (Orteg) K. Schum.; Sida leprosa var. hederacea (Dougl. ex Hook.) K. Schum.] |
alkali mallow |
| C | Myriophyllum spicatum L. non Gmel. [not M. spicatum Gmel.] |
Eurasian watermilfoil |
| C | Nassella tenuissima (Trinius)M.E.Barkworth [Stipa tenuissima Trin.; Stipa cirrosa E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Stipa geniculata Phil.; Stipa mendocina Phil.; Stipa oreophila Speg.; Stipa subulata E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Stipa tenuissima var. oreophila (Speg.) Speg. ] |
|
| C | Nymphaea odorata Aiton [Castalia odorata (Aiton) Wood] |
fragrant waterlily |
| C | Pennisetum clandestinum Chiov. | Kikuyugrass |
| C | Polygonum amphibium L. var. emersum Michx. [P. coccineum Muhl. ex Willd.] |
kelp |
| C | Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne (Ammannia rotundifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) |
roundleaf rotala |
| C | Salsola paulsenii L. [S. pellucida D.I. Litvinov] |
barbwire Russianthistle |
| C | Salsola tragus L. [S. australis auct non R. Br.; S. iberica (Sennen & Pau) Botsch.; S. kali auct. non L.; S. ruthenica Iljin in B. Keller et al. as used in numerous references; S. pestifer A. Nelson; all cf. Mosyakin, S.L., 1996, Hrusa, G.F. & J.F. Gaskin, 2008] |
common Russianthistle |
| C | Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. [Holcus halepensis L.; applies also to other perennial Sorghum spp. including but not limited to Sorghum almum Parodi] |
Johnsongrass |
| C | Spartium junceum L. | Spanish broom |
| C | Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski [Elymus caput-medusae L.; Hordeum caput-medusae (L.) Crosson & Durand; Cuviera caput-medusae (L.) Simk.Taeniatherum asperum (Simk.) Nevski; T. caput-medusae subsp. asperum (Simk.) Melderis; Taeniatherum crinitum (Schreb.) Nevski var. caput-medusae (L.) Wipff] |
medusahead |
| C | Tribulus terrestris L. | puncturevine |
| Q | Acaena aserinifolia | bidi-bidi |
| Q | Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC. non Lem. (1865) [Achyranthes sessilis (L.)Desf. exstend., Alternanthera achyranthoides Forsk., Alternanthera glabra Moq., Alternanthera repens Gmel.;.Gomphrena sessilis L.; Illicebrum sessile L.; Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) P. Beauv. Not A. sessilis Lem. (1865).] |
|
| Q | Asphodelus fistulosus L. [A. tenuifolius Cav.] |
onionweed |
| Q | Atriplex amnicola [A. cephalantha Aellen] |
river saltbush |
| Q | Berteroa incana (L.) DC [Alyssum incanum L.] |
hoary alyssum |
| Q | Carduus crispus L. | welted thistle |
| Q | Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brogn. Watersprite. [Ceratopteris deltoidea Benedict; Ceratopteris siliquosa (L.) Copeland] |
|
| Q | Cirsium japonicum DC. [Cnicus japonicus (DC.) Maxim.; Cnicus j. var. intermedius Maxim; Cirsium lacinulatum Nakai; Cirsium senile Nakai; Cirsium maackii var. kiusianum Nakai; rating includes the following intraspecific taxa: Cirsium japonicum var. horridum Nakai; C. j. var. ussuriense (Regel) Kitam.; C. j. var. ibukiense Nakai; C. j. var. vestitum Kitam.; C. j. var. diabolicum (Kitam.) Kitam. |
Japanese thistle |
| Q | Diodia virginiana L. [Diodia hirsuta Pursh, Diodia tetragona Walt.] |
buttonweed |
| Q | Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult [Holosteum cordata L.] |
whitesnow |
| Q | Egeria najas Planch. | Narrow-leaf elodea |
| Q | Euphorbia graminea Jacq. [Agaloma graminea (Jacq.) D. B. Ward] |
grassleaf spurge |
| Q | Euphorbia terracina L. | Geraldton carnation spurge |
| Q | Fatoua villosa (Thunberg) Nakai | hairy crabwees |
| Q | Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T. Anders. [Justicia polysperma Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1:120. 1820; Hemidelphis polysperma (Roxb.) Nees in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3:30. 1832] |
swampweed |
| Q | Hypericum canariense L. | Canary Island St. Johnswort |
| Q | Iris pseudacorus L. | yellow flag |
| Q | Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss [“Elodea crispa” Hort.] |
curly water-weed |
| Q | Limnobium spongia (Bosc) Steud.sensu stricto [often sold as Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L; L. spongia subsp.spongia.; Limnobium bosci Rich.] |
spongeplant |
| Q | Limnophila indica (L.) Druce [Hottonia indica L.; Ambulia indica (L.) W.F. Wight; Terebinthina indica (L.) Kuntze; L. gratioloides R. Br.; Ambulia gratioloides (R. Br.) Baill.; also including L. ludoviciana Thieret (= L. indica X L. sessiliflora Blume)] |
ambulia |
| Q | Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume | dwarf ambulia |
| Q | Ludwigia peruviana (L.) H.Hara [Jussiaea grandiflora L.; Jussiaea peruviana L.] |
water primrose |
| Q | Myosoton aquaticum Moench [Stellaria aquatica auct.] |
giant chickweed |
| Q | Ononis alopecuroides L. [O. salzmanniana Boiss. & Reut. non sensu Ivimey-Cook in Flora Europaea V. 2, 1968] |
foxtail restharrow |
| Q | Pontederia cordata L. | pickerelweed |
| Q | Potentilla recta L. | sulfur cinquefoil |
| Q | Retama monosperma (L.) Boiss. | Bridal broom |
| Q | Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser [Sisymbrium sylvestre L.] |
creeping yellow field cress |
| Q | Salsola collina Benth. | spineless Russianthistle |
| Q | Senecio linearifolius A. Rich. | Narrowleaf ragwort |
| Q | Senna obtusifolia | sicklepod |
| Q | Vallisneria spp. | eelgrass |
| Q | Zostera japonica Ascher & Graebner | Japanese eelgrass |